Falcon State
Geopolitical division
The costs of Falcon were the first ones where
the Spaniards arrived when arriving to the
continent
American. In 1815 the County of Choir was
established. It was erected as autonomous county
in
1818. In 1821 it belonged to the department
Zulia. In 1830 it passes to form the County of
Choir.
In 1901 it is denominated state Falcon. It is
divided in twenty-one municipalities and seventy
eight
parishes.
MAP VIAL
It has two roads of terrestrial communication of
importance that unite to Choir, on one hand
with the Zulia and for the other one, with the
central area. The excellent populations are:
Capatárida,
Cumarebo, Chichiriviche, Churuguara, Dabajuro,
The Candle of Choir, The Taques, Judibana,
Mene of Mauroa, Mirimire, Pedregal, New Town,
Fixed Point, San Luis, San Juan of those
Keys, Santa Cruz of Bucaral and Tucacas.
Basic DATA
Capital
Choir. Declared Historical Patrimony of the
Humanity for the UNESCO, since it was the first
stable human establishment of the South American
continent.
Location
Center-western region.
Limits
North: Caribbean Sea and gulf of Venezuela.
South: Lara and Yaracuy.
This: Caribbean Sea.
West: Zulia.
Surface
24 800 km2.
Percentage of the national territory
2,71%. it is the tenth entity with bigger
surface of the country.
TOURISM
The Hill Santa Ana is the only natural monument
of the state, located in the center of the
peninsula of Paraguaná. In their higher part
there is cloudy forest and in the inferior part,
the one
climate is semi-arid. The Dunes of Choir and the
beaches of Morrocoy are very frequented for
the tourists. In Tucacas and Chichiriviche they
are the jetties where they take those
crafts that lead to those near thirteen keys
that compose the park. So much the
colonial area of The Candle like that of Choir
conserves almost intact the colonial
architecture. In
Choir is erected the Historical Museum of
Ceramic and Popular Pottery, the House of the
Windows of
Iron, the Diocesan Museum and the Museum of Art
of Choir. She/he is also the Garden
Xerófilo and the Monument of the Federation. In
the peninsula of Paraguaná she/he is the End of
San Román, more northern point of the country
and from which one can see the island of
Curazao.
The beaches of Adícora are poles of
windsurfistas attraction. In Cardón she/he is
the one
Zoological of Paraguaná with 95 species of
animals. In San Luis of Curiagua it is the one
park Curiagua, with a pool that you full with
the river and whose are flooded they recycle
constantly. The Refinería Cardón is on the dot
Fixed.
Geography
Relief
The mountainous landscape prevails, with 32% of
the continental platform of the country and the
existence of arid and semi-arid areas. The
landscapes go from coastal plains, until
mountain ranges, formed by valleys and serranías,
in an area of intermediate relief among both
big mountainous systems of the north of the
country. The coastal plains are divided in three
areas: peninsula of Paraguaná (where it
highlights the hill Santa Ana, with 850 m of
altitude),
Oriental coastal plains and western coastal
Plains. Other landscapes are the serranías,
fence intramontanos, tectonic depressions and
piedemonte areas, where the one is located
system mountainous coriano, with floors tropical
premontanos or subhúmedos.
The Dunes or formation of dunes are in the
isthmus of Choir. The floors in the coastal line
they are calcareous, in alluvial planes,
terraces and plane areas; among the serranías
of Lara and
Falcon is located franc-loamy floors. The
readiness of agricultural lands is scarce,
it presents 89% of lands of very low to
extremely low potential. 2% only counts
with very high potential.
Climate
The temperature average in the coastal plains is
of 28,7 ºC, while in the area
mountainous the average is of 21,2 ºC. The
precipitations are scarce toward the coast,
increasing toward the mountainous areas, with an
annual stocking of 750 mm. according to the one
system of classification of Köeppen, they occur
diverse climates, as that of steppe (Bs),
savanna
(Aw) and desert (Bw).
Hydrography
The net hidrográfica is formed by the basins of
the rivers: Yaracuy, Aroa, Tocuyo-Araurima,
Hueque, Mitare, Paradise, Matícora and I will
Heal that pour their waters toward the Caribbean
Sea. Others
rivers of importance are: Güigüe, Pedregal,
Remedies, Ricoa and San Luis. Under the Sierra
of San
Luis, in the Cave of the Bull, the biggest
underground lake in Venezuela, the Rite is of
Acarite.
Vegetation
It has six units: savannas, where the gramineous
ones prevail; forests, with
swamps, caducifolios and perennifolios; heaths,
with caducifolios and perennifolios; espinares,
with dunes and typical espinares; grasses and
cultivations, and areas erodadas and saline. The
potential
forest it is located in the mountainous areas,
and their main function is protector. They
highlight those
species: candlestick, cedar, cují, guamo,
jabillo and she/he will see.
Fauna
It is represented for: rabbit sabanero, bat
bigger longirostro, grizzly matacán and
ounce. Among the birds they highlight: Korean
cardinal, dove sabanera, flamenco and gallineta
of
it dilutes. The turtle mordelona, the bell, the
choral, the tigra leather jacket, the lagartijo
and the one kills real
they represent the reptiles. Among the
amphibians: common toad and toad lipón.
Mineral resources
It presents a high energy potential, with the
existence of petroleum, gas and coal. The
resources
non metallic miners are: clay, sand, burdens,
limestone, dolomita, fosforita and salt. Among
those
metallic they highlight: I chrome, copper,
cobalt, manganese and nickel.
Population
The population is of 599 185 hab according to
the XII General Census of Population and Housing
1990,
being located in the tenth first place with
regard to the national total, with a density
populational of 24,2 hab/km2, superior to the
national average and a rate of growth of 1,9%,
below the national average. The populational
growth has been moderate, always for
under the national rate. Regarding the
population's distribution, 48,4% of those
inhabitants are located in the municipalities
Carirubana (25,70%), Miranda (22,76%) and Falcon
(5,53%)
where the axis Fixed Choir-point is located.
Sacred Ana of Choir, the capital, concentrates
20,8%. Him
they continue in order of importance: Fixed
point and Punta Cardón, located in the end
suroccidental of the peninsula of Paraguaná,
seat of the oil activities.
NATIONAL PARKS
Four national parks exist: Dunes of Choir,
between Choir and Fixed Point, crossing the one
isthmus of the peninsula of Paraguaná. Cave of
the Gulch of the Bull, to 15 kilometers of
Sacred Cruz of Bucaral. Morrocoy, in the
continental and marine areas, among Tucacas and
Chichiriviche. And Sierra of San Luis, in the
center of the state.
Economic ACTIVITY
The oil company is among the main economic
activities, with the presence of two o'clock
bigger refineries of Latin America: Amuay and
Cardón. In spite of being a state with high
potentiality hidrocarburífera, the main energy
sources as input for those
refineries come from Anzoátegui and Zulia. It
has a great fishing potential, being the
third entity producer of the country. The
fishing areas are: Sad gulf, gulf of The Candle
and
gulf of Venezuela. This last bill with more than
50% of the species of great value
commercial as: jurel, shrimp, crab, octopus,
lobster, squid, pepitona, carite, curvina,
tuna, flat, snorer, corocoro, lebranche and cazón.
As for the agricultural activity, it is the
first
producing of coconut. It is also cultivated:
cane of sugar, onion, corn, sorghum, sideburn,
melon,
yam, ocumo, paprika and caraota. In cattle
raising, it is the second in caprino, the third
in ovino
and the third in production of cheeses. The
industrial activity is represented for:
industries
of prosecution, frozen and packed of fish and
shellfish, and a group of medium
industries of foods, drinks and furniture.
TRADITIONS
The refrain is a cheerful polyphonic song to two
voices characteristic of the state Falcon. It is
interpreted in
wakes, rogativas and, especially, in the
festivities characteristic of the Christmas.
Their character is
devocional or layman, in this last case, besides
using four and tambora (those
instruments par excellence) she/he incorporates
charrasca and furruco. The interpretive style of
the one
refrain is also present in other songs of the
area, as it saves her and the romance; this
triad conforms what is known as Cantería of
Falcon.