SUCRE
State
Geopolitical division
It formed part of the County of the New Andalusia or County of
Cumaná. In 1856 you
it constitutes the County of Maturín separated from that of Cumaná.
In 1864 the state is ratified
Cumaná. In 1879 it is part of the state of East. In 1891 she/he
is given the name of Great
Bermúdez, up to 1898 when she/he is formed the state Sucre. In
1901 the state is believed
Sucre separated from Maturín and in 1904 she/he is integrated the
state Bermúdez again. In 1909 you
believe the states Sucre and Monagas. It is divided in fifteen
municipalities and fifty four
parishes.
MAP VIAL
The most important terrestrial roads are the troncal 9 that
crosses the state from this to west
communicating it with Anzoátegui and the center of the country;
and the troncal 10 with the local 1 and 2 that him
they unite to Monagas and Bolivar. Among the populations they
highlight: Araya, Cariaco, Carúpano, Irapa,
Cumanacoa, Güiria, Casanay, Marigüitar, Río Caribe, San José
of Aereocuar, Tunapuy, San
Antonio of the Gulf, The Pilar and Yaguaraparo.
Basic DATA
Capital
Cumaná
Location
Nor-oriental region
Limits
North: Caribbean Sea and New Esparta
South: Anzoátegui and Monagas
This: Gulf of it Gave birth to
West: Gulf of Cariaco
Surface
11 800 km2
Percentage of the national territory
1,28%. it is the décimacuarta entity with bigger surface of the
country.
TOURISM
The Parque Ayacucho and the Guaiquerí is in Cumaná, both beside
the river Orchards.
Besides the National Park Mochima, with their islands and islands
of transparent waters: Those
Drunkards, The Chimanas, The Caracas, Island of Silver and Isla
Mono. Besides the beaches:
Arapito, Red, The Hicacos, Santa Cruz and San Luis. In the capital
the castles are conserved
San Antonio of the Prominence and Santa María of the Head. In
Araya they can visit one another those
saline, Punta Sands' beach and the Castle of Santiago of Araya.
Those are in Carúpano
National parks: Peninsula of it Gave birth to and Turuépano,
besides the beaches: Caribbean, Big,
Caracolito, The Flights, Sacred Port, of Gold, Medina and Pupuy.
In Cumanacoa she/he is the
Cave of Cuchivano and the Cerro Turimiquire. In The Pilar they are
the thermal waters The Hervidero and
the Lagoon of Guanoco. In Güiria, the Park National Peninsula of
it Gave birth to and the beaches
Lightweight jacket, of Small Tip and Tip of Stones. As much in
Irapa as in Marigüitar also
spas of thermal waters exist. In Río Caribe it highlights the
paradisiac Playa Medina.
Geography
Geology
The mountainous area includes the fringe of the peninsulas of it
Gave birth to and Araya, and the solid one of the one Turimiquire, a formation cretácea of the mesozoico. The south
piedemonte of the solid one is one
tertiary, older formation that the defined one in a narrow fringe
to the south of the formation
mountainous of it Gave birth to and Araya. The sector suroriental
is more of quaternary formations
recent.
Relief
It is dominated by two mountainous formations: the system colinoso
Araya-gave birth to, conformed
for low lines modeled in metamorphic rocks, mainly lines, marbles
and cuarcitas,
characterized to present the very abrupt north slope, while the
south is softer.
The maximum heights are: I itch Santa and hill Ducks, 1 000 and 1
070 m.s.n.m, respectively. The
another formation important orográfica is the solid of the
Turimiquire, dominated by lines and
depressions of sedimentary rocks: sands and calcareous that
sustain the biggest elevations
(picks Turimiquire and Sadness 2 300 and 2 600 m.s.n.m.). The
slopes are irregular, with
superior slopes to 45%. The areas with agricultural potential
constitute near 26% of the
surface estadal.
Climate
For the climatic classification of Köppen, the climate is
classified in three classes: amazon (Am),
of steppe (Bs) and of savanna (Aw). a great variety Exists in the
seasonal distribution and
space of the rains, happening the biggest precipitations in the
mountainous landscape; in the one
solid of the Turimiquire the values annual averages reach the 1
900 mm, and in the peninsula
of it Gave birth to extreme values of 2 300 mm they are given,
while in the Peninsula of Araya you
they show the lowest precipitations with 243,8 mm. In the months
of July and August you
they present the maxima values, and in February and March the
minimum quantities of precipitation.
The temperature varies between 12 and 27 ºC.
Hydrography
The rivers are born, in their majority, in the Serranía of
Turimiquire and they form two big valleys: the
of the Caribbean Sea, where drenan the rivers Neverí, Orchards,
Carinicuao, Tacarigua and
Macarapana, and whose reservoirs (Turimiquire and Clavellino) they
supply to the population's 80%; and
the valley of the Océano Atlántico that is characterized by an
abundant fluvial system. Among those
more important rivers are: the Big one, the San Juan and the pipes
Guariquén and Turuépano.
Besides the lagoons: Good View, Guanoco, Chacopata, Campoma and
The Ducks.
Vegetation
Toward the costs the type formations prevail to prick with thorns.
In the high areas of the system
mountainous Turimiquire and it Gave birth to, as well as in the
coastal muddy plain, they highlight those
forests and the swamps. According to Holdridge, present numerous
areas of life that you/they go are
from the tropical thorny forest (Araya, and surroundings of Cumaná)
until the forest very
humid low montano (nascent of the Orchards), prevailing the areas
of life forest
dry tropical, tropical very dry forest and tropical humid forest.
Inside these
formations are important forest resources represented by species
like:
apamate, cedar, jabillo, yokel, camoruco and carapo.
Fauna
It highlights the avifauna: hens, ducks, parrots and doves. Toward
the southeast and in the peninsula of
Araya nests migratory species as the flamenco. The most common
mammals are:
deer, báquiro, chigüire, puma, tiger and manatí. Inside the
reptiles: bell, I kill real,
lagartijo and marine turtles. The fishing resources contribute
more than 60% of the production
regional, highlighting the fishing of: sardines, pepitonas,
corocoro, jurel, machuelo, tuna,
shrimp and squid.
Mineral resources
The energy resources have acquired importance out for the project
coast in the
peninsula of it Gave birth to, called Christopher Columbus, with
the production of liquefied gas. In the area of
Araya exists virgin locations of granite, feldespato and plaster,
as well as locations of
limestone in the solid of Turimiquire, being the clay and the
common salt the most profitable.
Population
It has 679 595 hab, of which 34% concentrates on Cumaná according
to data of the XII one
I take a census of General of Population and Housing 1990. It
occupies the tenth place with regard to the total
national, with a density of 61,2 hab/km2. The populational
dynamics indicates that 51,06% you
she/he concentrates on the municipalities Sucre (36,23%) and Bermúdez
(14,83%), being located in the first one
the city of Cumaná.
NATIONAL PARKS
It has three national parks: Mochima, in the states Anzoátegui
and Sucre.
Peninsula of it Gave birth to, located to the north of the
peninsula of it Gave birth to, in the Serranía of the Coast
Oriental. Turuépano, in the southeast side of the state toward the coast of the gulf of
it Gave birth to.
Economic ACTIVITY
The primary activities and third prevail. The fishing is more the
economic activity
ingrained and profitable; there it disembarks 50% of the national
production approximately.
It gives 95% of the matter it prevails for the industries
procesadoras of products
fishing. And she/he concentrates almost half of the total of
crafts and fishermen of the country,
considered the fleets sardinera and handmade the most important.
It is also fished: tuna,
cazón, jurel, flat, mere, shrimp, crab, jaiba, lobster, clam,
chipichipi, guacuco and
mussel. As for agriculture, it is the first producing of avocado
and mapuey of the country; the one
second of cocoa, ocumo and coconut; and the third in batata. It is
also cultivated: corn, cane of
sugar, coffee, yam, cambur and avocado. Although 45% of the
territory estadal is
covered with forests, their commercial exploitation is very
limited.
TRADITIONS
Among the traditions characteristic of the region the Cruz of May
highlights. In her those converge
religious beliefs with the capacity of creation of the music and
the popular poetry.
The Cruz has May 3 like commemorative date. The most important
rites are those
Wakes of Cruz, ceremonies that last until the dawn, in those that
combine songs and
prayers in front of a prepared altar in patios of housings,
buildings or public squares. In those
Wakes of Cruz are sung to the galerones compass and fulías, but
also of other goods of
local origin as malagueñas, iotas and points. The musical
accompaniment is executed
with four, guitar, bandolín or oriental bandola, maracas and
square drum. One of those
bigger cultoras of the music popular sucrense is María Rodríguez
who has taken the
malagueña, the fulía, the Christmas gift, the blow, the joropo
with refrain, the harp blow, those
galerones, the amusements and the iota, among other regional
goods, to important scenarios in
United States, Portugal, England and some islands of the
Caribbean.