INDEX of GEOPOLITICAL AND GENERAL INFORMATION BY STATE

  ANZOÁTEGUI 

Geopolitical division 
Anzoátegui belonged, to final of the XVIII century, to the County of Cumaná. It was territory 
independent starting from 1864, until the Constitution of 1881 believes the state of East. 
In 1899 the Congress annuls the division of 1881 and the twenty states of the Federation arise 
Venezuelan. In 1909 she/he acquires the political physiognomy of state. The entity is divided in 
eighteen municipalities. 

MAP VIAL 
The sustained development of this area has originated the growth of its towns, 
becoming, most of them, in important cities. Among them we have: Anaco, 
Aragua of Barcelona, Cantaura, Trumpets, The Tiger, Pariaguán, Píritu, Port The Cruz, San 
I took, Santa Rosa and Soledad. 

Basic DATA 
Capital 
Barcelona. 
Location 
Nor-oriental region. 
Limits 
North: Caribbean Sea. 
South: Bolivar. 
This: Sucre and Monagas. 
West: Guárico and Miranda. 
Surface 
43 300 km2 
Percentage of the national territory 
4,7%. sixth entity with bigger surface of the country. 

TOURISM 
Their wide coastal area transforms it into an attractive pole for the tourism. The beaches of Boca Uchire, Trumpets, The Hatillo and Puerto Píritu attract for their vast extension and their strong surf. 
While in the islands of Mochima, the tranquility and transparency of the sea they call the 
attention of those who look for to discover the submarine fauna. In Puerto Píritu they offer pieces 
handmade characteristic of the region. In this town they can take the peñeros that take to those 
isles, where virgin beaches are still conserved. The night activity of Port The Cruz is 
very rich. Restaurants of the most diverse gastronomic tendencies and discos for those 
more varied likes take to the body to enjoy the party until the dawn. In Dairies the Center Commercial bigger Square is, with stores and attractions for big and boys. The Walk Columbus is another reference forced for those that want to feel the flavor of this state.  Not very further on The High of Santa Faith, an area of replete mountain of surprises are. Those that Esparta travels by lorry to the New state, they should take in Port The Cruz the ferry that it will drive them until Tip of Stones. Beaches, islands, rivers and natural bays are to the reach of all in the state Anzoátegui. 

Geography 
Geology 
The geologic basements correspond to the eras third and quaternary that are in its 
majority of sedimentary origin. The first ones appear in the mountains, represented for 
loams, conglomerate, gritty, shales, calcareous and limonitas, manifested in the formations 
Quiamare, San Antonio and Querecual (Grupo Guayuta). as well as in the system of hills, 
where they are shales and calcareous clays or loams with less extensive blooming of 
gritty and not consolidated sands, corresponding to the formations Chaguaramas, 
Freites, The Stones and Quiamare. Means of ablation exist where they are presented abundant 
iron concretions, gravels and cuarcita songs belonging to the Formación Freites. A 
60% of the surface of the entity covers it the geologic basement of the Formación Mesa of 
quaternary age, not conformed by sandy materials consolidated. Of the same era, 
although more recent, they are the silts deposited by the river Orinoco and the other rivers in those 
fence, as well as the alluvial deposits and marines of the coastal plain. The floors, are 
alluvial but impoverished, not very capable for the development of agricultural activities to great 
it climbs, excepting some lands in the proximities of the rivers and plains that present 
better conditions for their use. Among them they highlight the floors of the valleys of the one 
Neverí and basins of the Unare, it Fakes and those of the Table of Guanipa. 

Relief 
More than 90% of the state it is of plane and wavy lands that form landscapes of Tables. The 
Solid of the Turimiquire and the terminal section of the Serranía of the Interior they are the only sectors mountainous. To the northwest she/he is the basin of the river Unare, with a relief of low hills. 
Another important landscape is the extensive flood fringe beside the river Orinoco. The heights 
they oscillate between 0 and 2 485 m.s.n.m. in the pick Peony, but the lands prevail with heights 
smaller to 300 m.s.n.m. 

Climate 
The annual half temperature is located between 25° and 27° Celsius. The climate is characterized for 
to present high temperatures the whole year, with an average of 26,7 °C. The high evaporation and 
the constant winds of the northeast (trade) precipitations that oscillate between 700 and 1 take place 
annual 400 mm, being able to classify, according to Köeppen, as savanna climate (Aw). 

Hydrography 
It is conformed by rivers with variable flow during the whole year. Those of more importance 
they are: Uchire, Unare and Neverí that end in the slope of the Caribbean. Besides the rivers 
Zuata, Pao, Caris, Tiger and Guanipa that Orinoco ends in the river (slope of the Atlantic). 
One of the alternating uses to the superficial resources constitutes it the waters 
underground located in the interior part of the Serranía of the Turimiquire, among the rivers 
Orchards and Neverí. The state has a system of reservoirs dedicated mainly 
to the control of floods and the storage of water for the urban supply and of 
watering. The most representative lagoons are: Píritu and Unare. 
Vegetation 
The vegetable covering is very varied, prevailing the vegetation natural boscosa and those 
forest plantations. The center and south is conformed by gallery forests, located it 
long of important courses of water, also forests semideciduos and morichales in big 
extensions of savannas. The use of the forest resources is conditioned for 
their potential first floor, although they highlight: olive tree, araguaney, ceiba, cereipo, cují, jobo and she/he will see. 
It presents good conditions for secondary forest products, conservation ends and 
protection. However, from 1975 they are carried out with success plantations to open field 
of pine and eucalyptus whose production is dedicated to satisfy the future demand of pulp of 
paper. 

Fauna 
An important number of species of mammals belonging to 30 families exists, of those 
which 28 present cynegetic and economic interest; the most important are: cachicamo, 
chigüire, weasel, báquiro, deer, rabipelado, rabbit, fox, bear melero, puma, manatí and 
otter, these last ones in extinction danger. The representative birds are: partridge, dove 
sabanera and caricare encrestado. Among the reptiles it highlights the bell of Uracoa. The sea is 
rich in fito and zooplancton, what contributes to increase the importance of the wealth 
fishing. To the marine fishing it is necessary to add the existent potential in the bodies of water, 
among them the lagoons of Unare and Píritu, where species are plentiful like: lebranche, tuna, flat, 
pargo, mere, corocoro and shrimp. 

Mineral resources 
The fundamental energy resources are petroleum and gas. A high potential exists of 
petroleum weighed in the Oil Strip of the Orinoco and a reservation of gas associated to the 
production of the raw one, near to 25 million cubic feet. Among the mining resources you 
they count: calcareous, gritty, sands and clays. Another key resource is the salt that she/he is formed among Píritu and Chacopata. 

Population 
According to the XII General Census of Population and Housing 1990 is the eighth state more town of the one national territory, with a population of 859 758 inhabitants. It possesses a density of 21,3 
Hab/km2. the main urban centers are: Barcelona, Port The Cruz, The Tiger, Anaco, San 
José of Guanipa, Cantaura, Pariaguán, Guanta and Aragua of Barcelona. The growth of the 
population presents a fluctuating tendency, intimately related with the activity 
economic predominant. Until the decade of 1920 the populational growth was very slow, 
because the natality and the mortality were very high, ending up presenting a rate of 
growth negative between 1891 and 1920. Starting from 1926 a recovery takes place when 
the rate of inhabitants reached its maximum value in 1950 with 5%. In the last decades the one 
growth is had desacelerado, until reaching in 1990 a value of 2,6%. In what refers 
to the population's distribution 58,1% concentrates on the municipalities Bolivar (28,31%), 
Sotillo (18,81%), and Simón Rodríguez (10,98%), due to the port activities, 
administrative, assistance, tourist, commercial and oil that there are developed. 

NATIONAL PARKS 
It only has a national park: Mochima, which is located in the region nor - 
oriental of the country, in the states Anzoátegui and Sucre, exactly among Port The Cruz and 
Cumaná. It was the second national park decreed in the country. 

Economic ACTIVITY 
It is characterized by the prevalence of the oil and agricultural activities. However, they are had 
installed industries like: self-driven, materials for the construction, derived of the petroleum, 
agroindustry; and on the other hand tourist, commercial activities have been developed and 
financial. 
The state participates in the production of hydrocarbons. In Anaco-Aragua of Barcelona and The 
Tiger the activities are relative to the extractive phase, while the industrial activities 
of refinement they are carried out in Port The Cruz and San Asleep. In Anzoátegui the one is located 
Complex Cryogenic of José. 
The main cultivated items are: corn, cotton, cane, sorghum, coffee, cocoa, cambur, roots 
and tubers. It is the second producing of peanut of the country and the first one in soya. 
An use of forest resources is given, specially wooden in rola. As soon as 
to the cattle raising, it is the third producing of birds. While in the fishing they highlight: tuna, flat, 
machuelo, tahalí, shrimp, lobster, squid and octopus. The development of the state has been centered 
in the coastal strip. The anarchical growth has deteriorated the environmental quality, 
being evidenced problems of atmospheric contamination, I deteriorate of the landscape, pollution of 
you dilute, proliferation of drains of garbage and other toxic residuals. The derived problems 
of physical-natural processes magnified by the action antrópica they have accelerated the process 
erosivo of the basin of the Unare and the quick sedimentation of the lagoons of Unare and Píritu. 

TRADITIONS 
The pole is a song characteristic of Spain that is interpreted in the oriental states of the country. 
It possesses a melody of eight compasses created freely by the singer. Sometimes two 
men are alternated to interpret it. 
Among the communities of the Table of Guanipa they are signs of the ethnos kariña. Them 
they conserve among their traditions the party of the akaatompo, a ritual in memory to the deceaseds, 
because it exists the belief that the 2 and 3 of November the deads return to visit to their 
family who prepare meetings with music, songs and dances to receive them. Those 
participants, accompanied by cuatros and guitars (originally it was made with flutes of 
cane) they dance intertwined by the waist, with turns and movements toward before and back. 
But the dance that better it defines the culture kariña it is the Mare-mare that is executed to take place the meeting of the families or to mark the end of the mourning for a dead. The dance is accompanied with drum music and maracas, to which has been added the four. The choreography, formed for two lines of dancers, she/he suggests a snake that advances and she/he goes back in threatening attitude for then to be wound and to be uncoiled.